Does the hudna (هدنة) has a base in the religion or it is a secular term?

Question

Does the hudna (هدنة) has a base in the religion or it is a secular term?

I have searched for it on google and got the Wikipedia information which is not informative enough to what I'm looking for.

Answer 1

هدنة is an Islamic term that is used extensively in Islamic literature.

الهدنة، أن يعقد لأهل الحرب عقدا على ترك القتال مدة، بعوض وبغير عوض. وتسمى مهادنة وموادعة ومعاهدة

هدنة is a contract with the ahl al-harb to cease fighting for a limited period of time, with tribute or without tribute. And it is also called مهادنة and موادعة and معاهدة

^{— Mughni - Ibn Qudamah}

The basis for such a treaty exists in the Quran such as:

إلا الذين عاهدتم من المشركين ثم لم ينقصوكم شيئا ولم يظاهروا عليكم أحدا فأتموا إليهم عهدهم إلى مدتهم

Excepted are those with whom you made a treaty among the polytheists and then they have not been deficient toward you in anything or supported anyone against you; so complete for them their treaty until their term [has ended].

^{— Quran 9:4}

And the Sunnah, such as:

صالح النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم المشركين يوم الحديبية

On the day of Hudaibiya, the Prophet (ﷺ), the Prophet (ﷺ) made a peace treaty with the Al-Mushrikun

^{— Bukhari}

أنهم اصطلحوا على وضع الحرب عشر سنين

... They agreed to abandon war for ten years ...

^{— Abu Dawud}

ثم هدنة تكون بينكم وبين بني الأصفر فيغدرون

A truce between you and Bani Al-Asfar (i.e. the Byzantines) who will betray you

^{— Bukhari}

Making such a treaty is permissible when the Muslims are weak or when there is an interest served by it.