Please its a request, someone explain me why there sum of inheritance shares are not coming one in QURAN verses of Surah-Nisa?

Question

I am a Muslim and I am assured that QURAN is devine. I used to surf websites so I found that in an anti-Islamic site there was mentioned that inheritance shares are not summing as 1 I have searched regarding It but not satisfied and this question is haunting me for years. I believe that QURAN can't have contradictions so I should ask someone who is knowledgeable.(I don't know arabic ) sorry for grammatical mistakes

edit-

It is stated in the noble Quran:

Allah instructs you concerning your children: for the male, what is equal to the share of two females. But if there are [only] daughters, two or more, for them is two thirds of one's estate. And if there is only one, for her is half. And for one's parents, to each one of them is a sixth of his estate if he left children. But if he had no children and the parents [alone] inherit from him, then for his mother is one third. And if he had brothers [or sisters], for his mother is a sixth, after any bequest he [may have] made or debt. Your parents or your children - you know not which of them are nearest to you in benefit. [These shares are] an obligation [imposed] by Allah . Indeed, Allah is ever Knowing and Wise.

And for you is half of what your wives leave if they have no child. But if they have a child, for you is one fourth of what they leave, after any bequest they [may have] made or debt. And for the wives is one fourth if you leave no child. But if you leave a child, then for them is an eighth of what you leave, after any bequest you [may have] made or debt. And if a man or woman leaves neither ascendants nor descendants but has a brother or a sister, then for each one of them is a sixth. But if they are more than two, they share a third, after any bequest which was made or debt, as long as there is no detriment [caused]. [This is] an ordinance from Allah , and Allah is Knowing and Forbearing. Surat

An-Nisā' 4:11-12

I'm taking one of the cases in which a husband dies and leaves behind a wife, a daughters and his parents.

Man dies leaving behind Wife is 1/8 = 3/24 Daughters 1/2 = 12/24 Father 1/6 = 4/24 Mother1/6 = 4/24 Total = 23/24 = .9583333333333333333 As you see the total is less than one.

Another case of the same kind in which a husband dies and leaves behind a wife, 3 daughters and his parents.

Man dies leaving behind Wife is 1/8 = 3/24 Daughters 2/3 = 16/24 Father 1/6 = 4/24 Mother1/6 = 4/24 Total = 27/24 = 1.125 Here the total is more than one.

Am I calculating something wrong?

Answer 1

You've mentioned two cases in inheritance law:

A person dies leaving 1 wife 1 daughter 1 mother 1 father and no other relatives.

The prescribed shares are:

The wife      1/8 or 12.50%    
The daughter  1/2 or 50.00%    
The mother    1/6 or 16.67%     
The father    1/6 or 16.67%   
---------------------------
Remainder:    1/24 or 4.17%

The remainder goes to the closest male relative (the father):

ألحقوا الفرائض بأهلها فما بقي فهو لأولى رجل ذكر

Give the shares to those who are entitled to them, and what remains over goes to the nearest male heir.

^{— Bukhari and Muslim}

So the final inheritance will be:

The wife receives        1/8               or 12.50%    
The daughter receives    1/2               or 50.00%    
The mother receives      1/6               or 16.67%     
The father receives      5/24 (1/6 + 1/24) or 20.83%   

---

A person leaves 1 wife 3 daughters 1 mother 1 father and no other relatives:

The prescribed shares are:

The wife       1/8  or 12.50%    
The daughters  2/3  or 66.67%    
The mother     1/6  or 16.67%     
The father     1/6  or 16.67%   
-----------------------------
Shortfall:     3/24 or 12.50%

There is a shortfall so some heirs must receive less than their prescribed shares, similar to how lenders must receive less than their shares when the estate of a defaulter falls short.

There are two solutions: One is that every heir will bear the shortfall, the other is that one heir with least priority will bear the shortfall.

There is consensus of the majority of the sahabah on the first option, since we don't have any strong evidence of priority of rights of inheritance, so all heirs share the shortfall. This rule is called al-'Awl (العول).

The shortfall is divided among each of the heirs, by dividing the estate into 27 shares rather than 24. The final inheritance will be:

The wife receives         3/27  or 11.11%    
The daughters receive    16/27  or 59.26%    
The mother receives       4/27  or 14.81%     
The father receives       4/27  or 14.81%   

Answer 2

Ur calculation is correct... If some thing left after giving it to dhil furoodh (are those whose shares are prescribed in Quran specifically (wife, husband, father, daughter etc) remaining shares shoulb ge given asbah( these are son, sons son, father etc) If you really interested in learning these cosepts.. Plz watch vedio of practical guide to Islamic law of inheritance in youtube Youtuber= concepts simplified