Indeed, Allah does not forgive associating others with Him ˹in worship˺, but forgives anything else of whoever He wills. And whoever associates others with Allah has indeed committed a grave sin.4:48
It literally says that everything can be forgiven except polytheism. So the Jews can also be forgiven? After all, they believe in the one and only God. Apparently so.
And about atheists: it is clear that atheists cannot be forgiven, but why are they not mentioned in this verse? After all, God knows the future and the past, why did he not mention atheists in the Quran and in this verse? After all, if you read the verse literally and the Koran in general, then only polytheists are punished, and the Koran has nothing against atheists. Why did God miss them in the Quran?