He is referring to the story of the creation of Adam, where Allah orders the Angels to bow to Adam and Iblis refuses and argues with Allah against bowing to (what he perceives as) such a lowly creature.
It is We Who created you and gave you shape; then We bade the angels
prostrate to Adam, and they prostrate; not so Iblis; He refused to be
of those who prostrate. (11)
(Allah) said: "What prevented thee from
prostrating when I commanded thee?" He said: "I am better than he:
Thou didst create me from fire, and him from clay." (12)
(Allah)
said: "Get thee down from this: it is not for thee to be arrogant
here: get out, for thou art of the meanest (of creatures)." (13)
He said: "Give me respite till the day they are raised up." (14)
(Allah) said: "Be thou among those who have respite." (15)
He said: "Because thou hast thrown me out of the way, lo! I will lie in wait
for them on thy straight way (16)
"Then will I assault them from before them and behind them, from their right and their left: Nor wilt thou find, in most of them, gratitude (for thy mercies)." (17)
(Allah) said: "Get out from this, disgraced and expelled. If any of
them follow thee,- Hell will I fill with you all. (18)
Al-A'raf (7:11-18)