sorry if its a bit of a vague question
I feel the title is enough but Just as an example
Allah said:
Fight those who (do) not believe in Allah and not in the Day the Last, and not they make unlawful what Allah has made unlawful and His Messenger, and not they acknowledge (the) religion (of) the truth, from those who were given the Scripture, until they pay the jizyah willingly, while they (are) subdued. [ Corpus Quran 9.29 ]
If you interpreted this verse only on the text, then you would identify all of the People of the Book as targets of Jihad and fight them All until they pay the Jizya whenever you are able to do so.
But if you interpreted the verse in the context of revelation, then you would know it is revealed about the expedition of Tabuk against the Byzantines. you might interpret the command 9.29 only to apply
- If there is a Powerful expansionist Kitabi empire next to the Muslims
Or you might interpret the expedition of Tabuk as defensive because the prophet awaited the byzantines in Arabia, and then conclude 9.29 only applies in cases where a Kitabi nation threatens a Muslim Nation.
And so on.
My question is which is the correct methodology of Tafsir between interpreting the Quran solely from the Text and interpreting the Text in the context of the text’s Revelation