A rather general statement, saying that everything comes from Allah (especially guidance), can be found in several verses of the Qur'an like:
And whatever you have of favor - it is from Allah . ... (16:53)
Mercy
Let's start with mercy, first a quote from the qur'an:
... "but My mercy encompasses all things" ... (7:156)
So it is Allah's mercy that encompasses all His creation.
But maybe the hadith you've quoted which can be found in more or less similar wordings in many other hadith compilations such as Musnad Ahmad, Mustadark al-Hakim, Sunan ibn Majah, Jami' at-Tirmidhi, Sahih al-Bukhari (1, 2) and Sahih Muslim (see also 1, 2, 3):
Verily, Allah created, on the same very day when He created the heavens and the earth, one hundred parts of mercy. Every part of mercy is coextensive with the space between the heavens. and the earth and He out of this mercy endowed one part to the earth and it is because of this that the mother shows affection to her child and even the beasts and birds show kindness to one another and when there would be the Day of Resurrection, Allah would make full (use of Mercy).
is more expressive and comes directly to the point.
Maybe one could also say this hadith shows that Allah gives or takes the Mercy:
A bedouin came to the Prophet (ﷺ) and said, "You (people) kiss the boys! We don't kiss them." The Prophet said, "I cannot put mercy in your heart after Allah has taken it away from it." (Sahih al-Bukhari, see here the version of Sahih Muslim)
Morality:
As for morality or good behaviour you may find a disconnected hadith in the book of ibn abi Dunya called Makarim al-Akhlaq مكارم الأخلاق:
إِنَّ هَذِهِ الأَخْلاقَ مَنَائِحُ يَمْنَحُهَا اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ مَنْ يَشَاءُ مِنْ عِبَادِهِ ، فَإِذَا أَرَادَ اللَّهُ بِعَبْدٍ خَيْرًا مَنَحَهُ مِنْهَا خُلُقًا صَالِحًا (Source: مكارم الأخلاق)
My own translation take it carefully
These manners are gifts from Allah exalted and glorified be He, he gives whoever He wants among his slaves, so if Allah wanted good with a slave He would give him a good manner.
al-Mundhiri and al-Haythami considered the above narration as weak. In this book you may find many other similar statements, but most are based on ahadith that can be rejected, for example these two similar narrations which are (marfo'):
لِلَّهِ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ مِائَةٌ وَسَبْعَةَ عَشَرَ خُلُقًا ، مَنْ جَاءَ بِخُلُقٍ مِنْهَا أَدْخَلَهُ اللَّهُ الْجَنَّةَ (Source)
" خِصَالُ الْخَيْرِ ثَلاثُمِائَةٍ وَسِتُّونَ خَصْلَةً ، إِذَا أَرَادَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ بِعَبْدٍ خَيْرًا جَعَلَ فِيهِ خَصْلَةً مِنْهَا يُدْخِلُهُ بِهَا الْجَنَّةَ " ، قَالَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ : أَفِيَّ مِنْهَا شَيْءٌ ؟ قَالَ : " نَعَمْ ، جَمْعَاءُ مِنْ كُلِّ شَيْءٍ ! " (Source)
Both state that Allah has seventeen good manners or morality attributes and while the first states if anybody has one of them would enter paradise the second states that if Allah wants good for His slave he would give him one of them and let him enter paradise by this manner or attribute.
There's also the commonly known Hadith -which actually has no backup-:
“My Lord taught me good manners and He taught me well” (See Fatwa islamqa #21635)
Note that one could count some du'a's as evidences for this as we ask Allah to give us good manners and refuge from bad manners (see for example in Sahih Muslim and in Jami' at-Tirmidhi).
This hadith might be used as an evidence that Allah gives good manners or attributes:
Some property or something was brought to Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) and he distributed it. He gave to some men and ignored the others. Later he got the news of his being admonished by those whom he had ignored. So he glorified and praised Allah and said, "Amma ba'du. By Allah, I may give to a man and ignore another, although the one whom I ignore is more beloved to me than the one whom I give. But I give to some people as I feel that they have no patience and no contentment in their hearts and I leave those who are patient and self-content with the goodness and wealth which Allah has put into their hearts and 'Amr bin Taghlib is one of them." 'Amr added, By Allah! Those words of Allah's Apostle are more beloved to me than the best red camels. (Sahih al-Bukhari)
Finally the Qur'an offers some proofs that Allah has given us the guidance for moralities:
O children of Adam, We have bestowed upon you clothing to conceal your private parts and as adornment. ... (7:26)
