The main question is already in the headline but I'll repeat it here: Is the tradition that there was 124,000 prophets (before Muhammed pbuh) attested in the Qu'ran or the Hadith? Also, are these to every people or to one specific people?
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Your second question doesn't seem to make sense as we know from the Qur'an that many if not most prophets and messengers where sent to specific people and tribes. – Medi1Saif♦ Mar 8 '18 at 10:35
The Hadith mentions 124,000 prophets, most of them not mentioned by name. The Quran mentions 25 prophets by name