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The Prophet had non-Arab Companions which converted to Islam. As they were non-Arab, their first religion wouldn't have been Arabian paganism, but something like Judaism or Christianity with the exception of Salman the Persian who was a Zoroastrian.
There were also Arab Jews and Christians in Madinah which became Muslim. Some of these people became part of the Sahaba so which Sahaba were Jews and Christians before they became Muslim?
Among those sahaba i could find so far with the help of the list of sahaba provided by the Arabic wikipedia:
Former Jews
There are from the former Jews of bani Quraidhah/Qurayzah:
From the Jews of bani Qaynuqa' - ثعلبة بن سلام بن الحارث (the brother of Abullah ibn Salam). - Abdullah ibn Salam عبد الله بن سلام
Scholars of Tafsir say that among the first Jews of medina whom accepted Islam you 'll find: Tha'alaba ibn Qais ثعلبة بن قيس , Sallam the son of the sister of Abdullah ibn Salam سلام بن أخت عبد الله بن سلام and Salamh the son of his brother سلمة بن أخيه and Yameen ibn Yameen يامين بن يامين
From Khaybar:
Other former Jews:
Also note that Umm al-Mu'mimneen Safiyah was a former Jew from Khaybar
Former Christains
Among the Christians I found:
Note that Salman al-Farisi سلمان الفارسي has checked different faiths before he started searching for Mohammad ()!
Also note that the Prophet's concubine (at least this is the majority view) Maria al-Qibitya was a former Christian.
NOTE THIS LIST IS INCOMPLETE (also because we have differences in opinion on who's a sahabi or not about some names, but certainly because I've not even checked all names on the Wikipedia list)
