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In sahih Muslim we find this hadith:

'A'isha reported that the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) observed two rak'ahs of the dawn prayer and he shortened them (to the extent) that I (out of surprise) said: Did he recite in them Surah Fatiha (only)? (Source sahih Muslim, sunan abu Dawood)

Can we conclude from it that our Prophet (pbuh) prayed this optional (nafl) prayer reciting only the fatihah in each rak'a?

Could we conclude from this that this would apply for any other optional prayer too?

Or does it just mean it is sunnah to pray it "fast"?

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In the name of Allah the most beneficent the most merciful

first it's important to offer our prayers in the way the prophet of Allah peace be upon him offered his prayers (it's important to follow him in every thing especially in salat ), even those things for whom our salat would be considered as correct without them are important, because we don't know if Allah accept it or not !

Narrated Abu Sulaiman and Malik bin Huwairith: We came to the Prophet (ﷺ) and we were (a few) young men of approximately equal age and stayed with him for twenty nights. Then he thought that we were anxious for our families, and he asked us whom we had left behind to look after our families, and we told him. He was kindhearted and merciful, so he said, "Return to your families and teach them (religious knowledge) and order them (to do good deeds) and offer your prayers in the way you saw me offering my prayers, and when the stated time for the prayer becomes due, then one of you should pronounce its call (i.e. the Adhan), and the eldest of you should lead you in prayer.

For your question i will mention some ahadith :

'Ata' reported it on the authority of Abu Huraira who said: Recitation (of Surat al-Fatiha) in every (rak'ah) of prayer in essential. (The recitation) that we listened to from the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) we made you listen to it. And that which he recited inwardly to us, we recited it inwardly for you. And he who recites Umm al-Qur'an, it is enough for him (to complete the prayer), and he who adds to it (recites some other verses of the Holy Qur'an along with Surat al-Fatiha), it is preferable for him.

from this hadith the majority of scholars said that reading fatiha only is enough for our prayers to be valid (valid doesn't mean accepted it's mean we don't have to repeat the prayer) and reading surrah is recommendable in the two first bows ( rakaat ) ;

Al-Qadi 'Iyad quoted from some of Maliks students that reading surah after fatiha is obligatory but Imam an-Nawawi said that this statement is exaggerated (in the meaning of strange statement which is a single view which has not even a hint of majority at all) and rejected.

قال النووي : وحكى القاضي عياض رحمه الله تعالى عن بعض أصحاب مالك وجوب السورة وهو شاذ مردود .

for the hadith of A'isha in sahih muslim about the dawn prayer it doesn't necessarily mean that he did read only fatiha .. but it mean his praying was fast .. so the hadith accept the two meanings . and some scholars said that is from sunnah to make the two rak'aat of dawn prayer short.

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  • @Jamila it's mentioned that this is the view of the majority :) !! and there is different opinion in malikis sayings too ! and i don't ever heard someone of the modern scholars say it's not allowed to pray without surah !
    – melbx
    Nov 11, 2016 at 14:15
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As Salamu alaijum. Islam is peace: there are scholars who recommend hardship in religion: they seem to be many. The few scholars who recommend ease appear to be ignored. Islam is ease!

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  • Welcome to Islam.SE! Please check out a tour of our site to learn how this site works, and please cite sources and thoroughly answer the question asked. Jan 23, 2020 at 14:46
  • It's alaikum not alaijum, probably a mistake. Anyway, wa alaikumu As-Salamu wa rahmatu-llahi wa barakatuh
    – Qataada
    Jan 24, 2020 at 16:01

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