The wives of the Prophet, like the first Muslim community, like any Muslim ... had immense respect for the Prophet's position and didn't raise their voices against him in a hostile manner.
They were however human and arguments did occur, being documented in this lengthy Hadith by Umar ibn Khatab:
Narrated from Ibn Abbas in Saheeh Bukhari:
I had been eager to ask Umar bin Al-Khattab about the two ladies from
among the wives of the Prophet regarding whom Allah said 'If you two
(wives of the Prophet (ﷺ) namely Aisha and Hafsa) turn in repentance
to Allah, your hearts are indeed so inclined (to oppose what the
Prophet (ﷺ) likes). (66.4) till Umar performed the Hajj and I too,
performed the Hajj along with him. (On the way) Umar went aside to
answer the call of nature, and I also went aside along with him
carrying a tumbler full of water, and when `Umar had finished
answering the call of nature, I poured water over his hands and he
performed the ablution.
Then I said to him, "O chief of the Believers! Who were the two ladies
from among the wives of the Prophet (ﷺ) regarding whom Allah said: 'If
you two (wives of the Prophet) turn in repentance to Allah your hearts
are indeed so inclined (to oppose what the Prophet (ﷺ) likes)?" (66.4)
He said, "I am astonished at your question, O Ibn Abbas. They were
Aisha and Hafsa."
Then Umar went on narrating the Hadith and said, "I and an Ansari
neighbor of mine from Bani Umaiyya bin Zaid who used to live in
Awali-al-Medina, used to visit the Prophet (ﷺ) in turn. He used to go
one day and I another day. When I went, I would bring him the news of
what had happened that day regarding the Divine Inspiration and other
things, and when he went, he used to do the same for me.
We, the people of Quraish used to have the upper hand over our wives,
but when we came to the Ansar, we found that their women had the upper
hand over their men, so our women also started learning the ways of
the Ansari women. I shouted at my wife and she retorted against me and
I disliked that she should answer me back. She said to me, 'Why are
you so surprised at my answering you back? By Allah, the wives of the
Prophet answer him back and some of them may leave (does not speak to)
him throughout the day till the night.'
The (talk) scared me and I said to her, 'Whoever has done so will be
ruined!' Then I proceeded after dressing myself, and entered upon
Hafsa and said to her, 'Does anyone of you keep the Prophet (ﷺ) angry
till night?' She said, 'Yes.' I said, 'You are a ruined losing person!
Don't you fear that Allah may get angry for the anger of Allah's
Messenger (ﷺ) and thus you will be ruined? So do not ask more from the
Prophet (ﷺ) and do not answer him back and do not give up talking to
him. Ask me whatever you need and do not be tempted to imitate your
neighbor (i.e., Aisha) in her manners for she is more charming than
you and more beloved to the Prophet (ﷺ) ."
Umar added,"At that time a talk was circulating among us that (the
tribe of) Ghassan were preparing their horses to invade us. My Ansari
companion, on the day of his turn, went (to the town) and returned to
us at night and knocked at my door violently and asked if I was there.
I became horrified and came out to him. He said, 'Today a great thing
has happened.' I asked, 'What is it? Have (the people of) Ghassan
come?' He said, 'No, but (What has happened) is greater and more
horrifying than that: Allah's Messenger (ﷺ); has divorced his wives.
Umar added, "The Prophet (ﷺ) kept away from his wives and I said
"Hafsa is a ruined loser.' I had already thought that most probably
this (divorce) would happen in the near future. So I dressed myself
and offered the morning prayer with the Prophet (ﷺ) and then the
Prophet; entered an upper room and stayed there in seclusion. I
entered upon Hafsa and saw her weeping. I asked, 'What makes you weep?
Did I not warn you about that? Did the Prophet (ﷺ) divorce you all?'
She said, 'I do not know. There he is retired alone in the upper
room.'
I came out and sat near the pulpit and saw a group of people sitting
around it and some of them were weeping. I sat with them for a while
but could not endure the situation, so I went to the upper room where
the Prophet; was and said to a black slave of his, 'Will you get the
permission (of the Prophet (ﷺ) ) for Umar (to enter)?' The slave went
in, talked to the Prophet (ﷺ) about it and then returned saying, 'I
have spoken to the Prophet (ﷺ) and mentioned you but he kept quiet.'
Then I returned and sat with the group of people sitting near the
pulpit. but I could not bear the situation and once again I said to
the slave, 'Will you get the permission for Umar?' He went in and
returned saying, 'I mentioned you to him but he kept quiet.' So I
returned again and sat with the group of people sitting near the
pulpit, but I could not bear the situation, and so I went to the slave
and said, 'Will you get the permission for Umar?' He went in and
returned to me saying, 'I mentioned you to him but he kept quiet.'
When I was leaving, behold! The slave called me, saying, 'The Prophet
(ﷺ) has given you permission.'
Then I entered upon Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) and saw him Lying on a bed
made of stalks of date palm leaves and there was no bedding between it
and him. The stalks left marks on his side and he was leaning on a
leather pillow stuffed with date-palm fires. I greeted him and while
still standing I said, 'O Allah's Apostle! Have you divorced your
wives?' He looked at me and said, 'No.' I said, 'Allah Akbar!' And
then, while still standing, I said chatting, 'Will you heed what I
say, O Allah's Messenger (ﷺ)? We, the people of Quraish used to have
power over our women, but when we arrived at Medina we found that the
men (here) were overpowered by their women.' The Prophet (ﷺ) smiled
and then I said to him, 'Will you heed what I say, O Allah's Messenger
(ﷺ)? I entered upon Hafsa and said to her, "Do not be tempted to
imitate your companion (Aisha), for she is more charming than you and
more beloved to the Prophet.' " The Prophet (ﷺ) smiled for a second
time. When I saw him smiling, I sat down. Then I looked around his
house, and by Allah, I could not see anything of importance in his
house except three hides, so I said, 'O Allah's Messenger (ﷺ)! Invoke
Allah to make your followers rich, for the Persians and the Romans
have been made prosperous and they have been given (the pleasures of
the world), although they do not worship Allah.'
Thereupon the Prophet (ﷺ) sat up as he was reclining. and said, 'Are
you of such an opinion, O the son of Al-Khattab? These are the people
who have received the rewards for their good deeds in this world.' I
said, 'O Allah's Messenger (ﷺ)! Ask Allah to forgive me.'
Then the Prophet (ﷺ) kept away from his wives for twenty-nine days
because of the story which Hafsa had disclosed to Aisha. The Prophet
(ﷺ) had said, 'I will not enter upon them (my wives) for one month,'
because of his anger towards them, when Allah had admonished him. So,
when twenty nine days had passed, the Prophet (ﷺ) first entered upon
Aisha. Aisha said to him, 'O Allah's Messenger (ﷺ)! You had sworn that
you would not enter upon us for one month, but now only twenty-nine
days have passed, for I have been counting them one by one.' The
Prophet (ﷺ) said, 'The (present) month is of twenty nine days.' Aisha
added, 'Then Allah revealed the Verses of the option. (2) And out of
all his-wives he asked me first, and I chose him.' Then he gave option
to his other wives and they said what Aisha had said . " (1) The
Prophet, ' had decided to abstain from eating a certain kind of food
because of a certain event, so Allah blamed him for doing so. Some of
his wives were the cause of him taking that decision, therefore he
deserted them for one month. See Qur'an: (66.4)
